feat(v0.5): expand Tibetan + Theravāda each from 1 → 3 masters (15 total)

Second cross-tradition expansion. v0.4 introduced Milarepa + Ajahn
Chah; this release adds the major foundational figures of each
non-Chinese tradition that were missing.

藏传 (Tibetan): now 3 — Atiśa, Tsongkhapa, Milarepa
南传 (Theravāda): now 3 — Buddhaghosa, Mahasi Sayadaw, Ajahn Chah
汉传 (Chinese): unchanged at 8

New masters
-----------
* prebuilt/atisha/ — Atiśa Dīpaṃkara (982-1054). 噶当派 founder,
  Indo-Tibetan bridge. Sources: Toh 4465 Bodhipathapradīpa + Toh
  3948 self-commentary + 噶当口耳传承 Pha chos / Bu chos. Coverage:
  three scopes, bodhicitta (七因果 + 自他相换 from Suvarṇadvīpa
  Dharmakīrti), 戒律严持, 噶当六论, 依止善知识. HARD-GATE:
  NO_ESOTERIC_INSTRUCTION + NO_ANACHRONISTIC_ATTRIBUTION (don't
  project later Gelug analytical Madhyamaka onto Atiśa's era).

* prebuilt/tsongkhapa/ — Tsongkhapa Lobsang Drakpa (1357-1419).
  Gelug founder, basis of Dalai Lama / Panchen Lama lineages.
  Sources: 宗喀巴全集 gsung 'bum (BDRC searchable) — Lam rim chen
  mo, sNgags rim chen mo, Drang nges legs bshad snying po, 入中论
  善显密意疏, 三主要道. Coverage: 三主要道 (出离心 / 菩提心 / 清净
  见), lamrim, 应成中观, 三聚戒, 闻思修, 五部大论. HARD-GATE:
  NO_ESOTERIC_INSTRUCTION + NO_CROSS_SCHOOL_CONTAMINATION (don't
  blend Dzogchen / Mahāmudrā into Gelug positions) +
  NO_UNVERIFIED_BDRC_W_NUMBERS (descriptive guidance instead of
  fabricated W-IDs; lessons-learned from v0.4 fixup).

* prebuilt/buddhaghosa/ — Buddhaghosa (5th century). 上座部
  commentarial summit. Sources: PTS Vism + four Nikāya aṭṭhakathā
  + Samantapāsādikā (Vinaya) + Atthasālinī (Abhidhamma). Coverage:
  戒定慧三学, 四十种业处, 七清净十六观智, 缘起十二支 (three-life-
  two-causations interpretation), 阿毗达摩 paramattha vs paññatti,
  六义诠释 commentarial method. HARD-GATE:
  NO_MAHAYANA_CONTAMINATION + NO_MAHAVIHARA_PRIMACY_OVERSTATEMENT.

* prebuilt/mahasi-sayadaw/ — Mahāsi Sayādaw U Sobhana (1904-1982).
  Burmese Vipassanā tradition / Mahasi Method. Sources: Manual of
  Insight (Wisdom Publications 2016) + Progress of Insight (BPS
  Sri Lanka Wheel No. 280) + Practical Vipassanā Meditation
  Exercises (Mahasi Sasana Yeiktha) + SC + PTS Vism. Coverage:
  标记法 Noting Method, 腹部起伏 rising-falling primary object,
  七清净十六观智 progress, khaṇika-samādhi & vipassanā-jhāna,
  '初果可证' ethos, MN 10 Satipaṭṭhāna foundation. HARD-GATE:
  NO_FABRICATED_QUOTES + **NO_ATTAINMENT_JUDGMENT** (the strictest
  guardrail in this release — Mahasi's stages-of-insight framework
  is famous for inducing self-attainment delusions; AI is forbidden
  from confirming any individual's observed jhāna stage / fruition).

Each master ships the standard v0.3 progressive-disclosure shape:
SKILL.md (decision tree + HARD-GATE + Quick Reference) + meta.json +
references/{voice,teaching}.md + sources/INDEX.md + ≥1 excerpts file
+ tests/fidelity.jsonl with 12-13 cases each.

ETHICS updates
--------------
* Tier A grows from 9 → 12: Atiśa (>970yr), Tsongkhapa (>600yr),
  Buddhaghosa (>1500yr) all join based on age + open-canon sourcing.
* Tier B 特例 grows from 1 → 2: Mahasi Sayadaw codified under same
  Forest-Sangha-style rationale as Ajahn Chah, with explicit
  NO_ATTAINMENT_JUDGMENT addendum specific to his lineage's risks.
* Sectarian-judgment policy explicit extension: covers Theravāda
  intra-tradition meditation lineages (Mahasi vs Pa-Auk vs Goenka
  vs Thai Forest) — no superiority claims permitted.

compare-masters meta-skill
--------------------------
prebuilt/compare/SKILL.md updated:
* 可用祖师 table now lists all 15 masters by tradition.
* Topic mapping fallback table extended with rows pairing the new
  masters: 中观 (kumarajiva + tsongkhapa), 道次第 (atisha +
  tsongkhapa), 心识 (xuanzang + buddhaghosa + huineng), 戒律
  (xuyun + atisha + buddhaghosa), 禅修方法 (buddhaghosa + mahasi
  + ajahn-chah), 七清净 (buddhaghosa + mahasi), 论师风格 (xuanzang
  + tsongkhapa + buddhaghosa), 三大传统对比 (huineng + tsongkhapa
  + buddhaghosa).
* New cross-tradition guardrails: don't blend traditions (don't
  project Gelug positions onto Atiśa's era; don't put Mahāmudrā
  into Gelug; don't put Tathāgatagarbha into Theravāda).

Surface bumps
-------------
* All 4 plugin manifests + package.json + gemini-extension.json
  bumped 0.4.0 → 0.5.0 with description updated to "15 prebuilt
  masters".
* SKILL.md (project-level) preset list expanded to 8/3/3.
* README.md + README_EN.md: situational guidance table extended
  with cross-tradition rows for the 4 new entries; new master cards
  added with provenance notes; v0.5 release banner appended above
  v0.4 banner.

Validation
----------
* python scripts/validate.py --strict   →  15 masters pass
* python scripts/validate-fidelity.py   →  all valid
* python scripts/test-fidelity.py --all --dry-run  → 
* pytest tests/                          →  31 passed, 6 skipped

Notes
-----
* fojin_text_ids=[] for new masters — FoJin DB still hasn't imported
  BDRC Tibetan canon nor PTS Vism / SuttaCentral Pali full text;
  RAG falls back to the global corpus and each prompt explicitly
  notes this.
* The two Tibetan masters intentionally use descriptive BDRC
  guidance ("BDRC: 见宗喀巴 gsung 'bum") rather than fabricated
  W-numbers, applying lessons learned from the v0.4 fixup where
  W29193 was mistakenly assigned to two different works in early
  drafts. Toh (Tohoku) numbers are kept where they're well-attested
  in 藏学界 (Toh 4465 for Bodhipathapradīpa).
* CompanionPRs in xr843/fojin (#507 + #508) already synchronized
  the chat-mode subset of these 6 cross-tradition masters; v0.5 of
  this repo brings the Master-skill side to parity.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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# 宗喀巴大师 — 教义体系
## 传承与背景
宗喀巴大师(藏:ཙོང་ཁ་པ་,威利转写:tsong kha pa;本名洛桑扎巴 Lobsang Drakpa;尊称 Je Rinpoche / 杰仁波切),13571419,藏传佛教**格鲁派**dge lugs pa, "善规派",俗称"黄教")创始人。
**早年**:出生于青海宗喀("宗喀巴"即"宗喀人"之意,今西宁附近)。3 岁受居士戒,7 岁出家,幼年即显非凡慧根。16 岁赴卫藏求学,遍参当时藏地各派大师。
**主要师承**
- **仁达瓦**Rendawa Zhönnu Lodrö, 13491412)— 萨迦派学者,授中观应成派
- **慈成仁波切**等 — 因明(量论 pramāṇa)
- **竹钦坚赞贝桑波** — 时轮金刚(Kālacakra
- 各派多位密续大师
**改革动机**:宗喀巴深感当时藏地——
- 戒律松弛(甚至有持金钱、行不净行之僧人)
- 显密混淆(不重显教基础便修密法)
- 中观见模糊(应成与自续未做精确分判)
**主要事业**
- **1402–1407 年**:撰《菩提道次第广论》《密宗道次第广论》——道次第之集大成
- **1409 年正月**:于拉萨大昭寺创立**默朗钦摩**(Mönlam Chenmo / 大祈愿法会)—— 至今每年新年举行
- **1409 年**:建**甘丹寺**dGa' ldan, "兜率"),格鲁派开山祖庭。"格鲁"即"甘丹寺规"之意
- **1416 年**:弟子绛央却杰建哲蚌寺
- **1419 年**:弟子释迦益西建色拉寺。哲蚌、甘丹、色拉成为格鲁派"拉萨三大寺"
**法嗣**
- **贾曹杰**rGyal tshab rje, 13641432)— 第二世甘丹赤巴(甘丹寺座主,相当于格鲁派教主)
- **克主杰**mKhas grub rje, 13851438)— 第三世甘丹赤巴
- **根敦珠巴**dGe 'dun grub pa, 13911474)— 师弟之徒孙,建扎什伦布寺,后被追认为**达赖一世**
**后续影响**:格鲁派后成为藏传佛教最大派系——
- 达赖喇嘛传承(1391 年起)
- 班禅喇嘛传承(17 世纪起)
- 蒙古、布里亚特、卡尔梅克皆以格鲁为主流
- 现代多数藏传寺院与僧团属格鲁
法脉:阿底峡 → 仲敦巴(噶当)→ ... → 仁达瓦 → **宗喀巴** → 贾曹杰 / 克主杰(甘丹赤巴)/ 根敦珠巴(达赖一世)
> 出处:【《宗喀巴大师传》多种藏文版本】+【宗喀巴全集 gsung 'bum】(BDRC.io 检索 'tsong kha pa'
## 核心教导
### 1. 三主要道(Lam gtso rnam gsum
宗喀巴对道次第的极简凝练,三句偈即概括一切大乘修学——
**① 出离心(nges 'byung**
- 厌离三界轮回之乐
- 不为现世利益、不为来世人天善趣,唯求解脱
- 修法:思维暇满难得 + 死无常 + 业果 + 轮回过患
**② 菩提心(byang chub kyi sems**
- 为度化一切众生而发愿成佛
- 修法:七因果(继承阿底峡)或自他相换(寂天传统)
- 配合菩萨戒受持
**③ 清净见(即应成中观正见,yang dag pa'i lta ba**
- 通达诸法无自性(ngo bo nyid med pa
- 缘起与空性不二
- 离一切戏论的中道见
> "出离心若不与菩提心连,则堕小乘;菩提心若不与清净见连,则不能断三界根本。三者具足,是为大乘行者。"(《三主要道》主旨)
> 出处:【《三主要道》(Lam gtso rnam gsum)】(BDRC: 见宗喀巴 gsung 'bum
### 2. 菩提道次第(Lam rim) — 三士道完整版
依阿底峡《菩提道灯论》扩展为详尽的三士道修行次第:
**共下士道**(与下士共有)
- 皈依三宝、念死无常、思维三恶道苦、深信业果
- 目标:现世舍恶向善
**共中士道**(与中士共有)
- 思维总体轮回过患、思维别别六道苦、修十二缘起
- 戒定慧三学
- 目标:求自身解脱
**上士道**(不与下中共)
- 修菩提心(七因果或自他相换)
- 受菩萨戒、行六波罗蜜、四摄
- 修奢摩他(śamatha / 止)与毗钵舍那(vipaśyanā / 观)
- 修空性见(应成中观)
- 目标:成佛度众生
**密咒道**(建立于显教三士道基础上)
- 四部续:事部、行部、瑜伽部、无上瑜伽部
- ⚠️ 仅介绍续部分类与历史哲学;具体修法步骤须具格上师亲传
> 出处:【《菩提道次第广论》(Lam rim chen mo)】(BDRC: 见宗喀巴 gsung 'bum 之 lam rim chen mo 卷)
### 3. 应成中观正见(dbu ma thal 'gyur ba
宗喀巴对藏地中观见之最大贡献——精确分判**应成派**(Prāsaṅgikavs **自续派**Svātantrika):
**应成派**(以月称为主)
- 不许"自方相续因"svatantra-hetu
- 以"应成(thal 'gyur"——指出对方立场内在矛盾——为主要论证方式
- 破一切自性见,包括"名言中有自性"
- 缘起即是空性,空性即是缘起
**自续派**(清辨 Bhāvaviveka 等)
- 许"名言中有自相"
- 以独立的三相比量论证空性
宗喀巴认定**应成派为印度中观最究竟立场**,并以《辨了不了义善说藏论》系统判摄。
教导核心:
- 缘起与空性不二——"缘起即是空性义,空性即是缘起义"
- 名言中亦无自性
- 无自性 ≠ 无;缘起假名安立法仍能起作用
- **空性见的标准**:能在听到"无自性"时同时确信缘起作用("名言不坏因果"),方为中观正见
> 出处:【《辨了不了义善说藏论》(Drang nges legs bshad snying po)】+【《入中论善显密意疏》】(BDRC: 见宗喀巴 gsung 'bum
### 4. 戒律为根本(三聚戒清净持守)
宗喀巴改革重立戒律典范:
**别解脱戒**(出家众)
- 根本说一切有部 mūlasarvāstivāda 律
- 比丘 253 条戒、比丘尼 364 条戒
**菩萨戒**(大乘行者)
- 依《菩萨戒品》《集学论》《入行论》等
- 18 根本戒 + 46 支分戒
**密咒戒**(金刚乘行者)
- 14 根本堕戒 + 8 支分戒
- 须经灌顶后受持
**根本立场**:破戒而修密,犹如有漏器盛甘露,自损损他。
> 出处:【宗喀巴《事师五十颂释》《密集根本续疏》戒律章节】(BDRC: 见宗喀巴 gsung 'bum
### 5. 闻思修不二
宗喀巴强调三者不可割裂:
- **闻**(thos pa):广博听闻佛说与论义
- **思**bsam pa):思维生定解
- **修**sgom pa):实修证悟
只学不修则成戏论;只修不学则误入歧途;学修分离则二俱无成。
格鲁派"五部大论"——《现观庄严论》《入中论》《释量论》《俱舍论》《律论》——皆须经长期辩论学习方能毕业。但毕业后须入密续学院实修。
> 出处:【《菩提道次第广论》共下士道·闻法轨理章】+【《五部大论辩论传统》】
### 6. 五部大论辩论传统(gzhung chen lnga
格鲁派僧侣修学之经院体系:
1. 《现观庄严论》(Abhisamayālaṃkāra) — 般若波罗蜜次第
2. 《入中论》(Madhyamakāvatāra) — 月称中观
3. 《释量论》(Pramāṇavārttika) — 法称量论
4. 《阿毗达摩俱舍论》(Abhidharmakośa) — 世亲对法
5. 《律本事》(Vinayavastu) — 律藏
僧人于辩论院(gzhung chen 或 mtshan nyid)以辩论方式深入这五部论典,通常需 15–20 年。
## 精通典籍(自著)
| 论典 | 说明 |
|------|------|
| 《菩提道次第广论》(Lam rim chen mo) | 道次第总集,格鲁派根本论 |
| 《菩提道次第略论》| 广论之精要本 |
| 《密宗道次第广论》(sNgags rim chen mo) | 密法次第总论 |
| 《辨了不了义善说藏论》| 中观正见判摄 |
| 《入中论善显密意疏》| 月称《入中论》详释 |
| 《三主要道》| 道次第三句偈 |
| 《缘起赞》| 礼赞佛陀缘起教法 |
| 《密集根本续疏》| 密集金刚续注释 |
| 《事师五十颂释》| 师徒规范注释 |
## 修行方法
### 入门 — 共下士道
1. 皈依三宝
2. 思维暇满 + 念死无常 + 信业果
3. 行十善业
### 进阶 — 共中士道
1. 思维三界皆苦
2. 修四谛十二缘起
3. 戒定慧三学
### 上士道
1. 发菩提心(七因果或自他相换)
2. 受菩萨戒
3. 修奢摩他(培定)+ 毗钵舍那(观空)
4. 修应成中观正见
### 密咒道(仅介绍位置)
⚠️ 四部续具体修法步骤、灌顶仪轨、生起次第、圆满次第、本尊咒语、明点观想、气脉细节本项目**不展开**。
宗喀巴本人传授四大本尊修法(密集、胜乐、大威德、时轮),但本项目只介绍其位置与哲学。具体修持必须依止具格上师亲传与灌顶。
## 常用譬喻
- **车与车支**:车不离支、不即支,喻补特伽罗不离五蕴、不即五蕴(说明无我)
- **绳与蛇**:黑暗中误绳为蛇,喻于五蕴上误执有我
- **空中花**:眼翳所见,喻假名安立无实自性
- **法眼与肉眼**:见缘起 vs 见自性,分判应成中观与他派之要
- **黄金与陶器**:三聚戒清净犹如真金,破戒修密犹如陶器盛蜜
## 关键术语表
| 术语(藏 / 中)| 含义 |
|------|------|
| lam gtso rnam gsum / 三主要道 | 出离心 + 菩提心 + 清净见 |
| lam rim / 菩提道次第 | 三士道完整修行体系 |
| nges 'byung / 出离心 | 厌轮回求解脱 |
| byang chub kyi sems / 菩提心 | 为度众生发愿成佛 |
| dbu ma thal 'gyur ba / 应成中观 | Prāsaṅgika Madhyamaka |
| dbu ma rang rgyud pa / 自续中观 | Svātantrika Madhyamaka |
| ngo bo nyid med pa / 无自性 | 应成中观核心 |
| rten 'brel / 缘起 | 一切法相依而起 |
| stong nyid / 空性 | śūnyatā |
| sdom gsum / 三聚戒 | 别解脱、菩萨、密咒戒 |
| dge lugs pa / 格鲁派 | "善规派"(甘丹寺规) |
| dGa' ldan / 甘丹寺 | 格鲁派开山祖庭 |
| gzhung chen lnga / 五部大论 | 格鲁僧侣经院五论 |