Files
xianren 3f81cbb955 feat(v0.6): namespace all 14 master slash commands under /master-<slug> prefix
Slash command discoverability cleanup. Claude Code users typically have
50+ skills installed; bare-word commands like /atisha and /zhiyi got
scattered across the /-completion list. v0.6 prefixes all 14 master
slash commands with master- so they cluster under /m<tab> and clearly
signal "this is a Master-skill master skill".

Scope of rename
---------------
* Slash commands: /zhiyi → /master-zhiyi, /huineng → /master-huineng,
  ... all 14 affected.
* Directory layout: prebuilt/<slug>/ → prebuilt/master-<slug>/ for all
  14 masters (git mv preserves history).
* Frontmatter: each prebuilt/master-<slug>/SKILL.md updates `name:` to
  master-<slug>.
* compare-masters and create-master meta-skills are intentionally
  unchanged — they're already prefixed by their nature, and
  /master-compare-masters would be doublespeak.

Decoupling: fojin.app/chat is NOT affected
------------------------------------------
The fojin web frontend's master dropdown uses bare slug IDs (atisha,
huineng, ...) and is already grouped under "法师模式" in its UI. Backend
master_profiles.py keeps `id="atisha"` etc. unchanged. No fojin-side
migration required. The two surfaces (Claude Code slash + fojin
dropdown) are now formally decoupled by design, not coincidence.

Compatibility
-------------
* NPX installer accepts both forms: `npx master-skill install zhiyi`
  (short) and `install master-zhiyi` (full) both resolve to the same
  prebuilt/master-zhiyi/ source. Install destination is always
  ~/.claude/skills/master-<slug>/. Backward-compatible uninstall
  handles legacy non-prefixed installs (~/.claude/skills/zhiyi/).
* The cli.mjs already used `master-${name}` for install destinations
  (since v0.3 NPX installer was added), so existing v0.4/v0.5 NPX
  users were already getting the prefix in skills/ — only the source
  prebuilt/ layout and slash commands change in v0.6.

Files updated
-------------
* 14 directories renamed (28 files moved, 0 content changes).
* 14 SKILL.md frontmatter `name:` fields.
* prebuilt/compare/SKILL.md: 43 slug references updated to prefixed form.
* bin/cli.mjs: resolveMasterDir helper accepts both short and full;
  cmdInstall and cmdUninstall handle legacy paths.
* .github/workflows/validate-and-test.yml: fidelity-smoke MASTERS
  rotation array updated to all 14 prefixed names (was 8 hardcoded
  汉传 only — now properly rotates across the full set).
* scripts/{validate,cite,query,test-fidelity}.py: --master arg help
  text examples.
* README.md + README_EN.md: situational guidance table, install
  snippets, master cards. New v0.6 release banner.
* SKILL.md (project-level) preset list with new slash names.
* ETHICS.md Tier table slug references (4).
* All plugin manifests bumped 0.5.0 → 0.6.0 with description noting
  the /master-<slug> invocation pattern.
* CHANGELOG.md: [0.6.0] section with breaking-change notice and
  migration commands for existing NPX users.

Validation
----------
* python scripts/validate.py --strict           ✓ 15 masters pass
* python scripts/validate-fidelity.py           ✓ all valid
* python scripts/test-fidelity.py --all --dry-run  ✓
* pytest tests/                                  ✓ 31 passed, 6 skipped
* node bin/cli.mjs list                          ✓ shows all 14 with
                                                   master- prefix
* node bin/cli.mjs install zhiyi                 ✓ resolves to
                                                   prebuilt/master-zhiyi/
* node bin/cli.mjs install master-zhiyi          ✓ resolves to same

Migration for existing v0.4/v0.5 users
--------------------------------------
    npx master-skill@0.5 uninstall zhiyi huineng xuanzang ...
    # OR: rm -rf ~/.claude/skills/{zhiyi,huineng,...}
    npx master-skill@latest install --all

Then start a new Claude Code session; the new slash commands are
/master-zhiyi, /master-huineng, etc.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-05-02 20:43:36 +08:00

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# 马哈希尊者公开开示集选段
> ⚠️ **重要说明(引用规范)**:本文件中所有 `>` blockquote 块**均为开示主旨之中文转述**,非马哈希尊者本人话语的逐字翻译重排。引用本文件内容时必须冠以"(开示要旨)"或"(开示主旨)",不得作为直接引语呈现。原文请参阅 SuttaCentral / Mahasi Sasana Yeiktha / BPS Sri Lanka / Wisdom Publications 官方译本。本规则由 SKILL.md HARD-GATE `NO FABRICATED QUOTES` 强制。
>
> 来源:Wisdom Publications《Manual of Insight》(2016)、BPS Sri Lanka《The Progress of Insight》(Wheel No. 280, 1965)、Mahasi Sasana Yeiktha《Practical Vipassanā Meditation Exercises》(1971)。
> 引用格式:`【《<书名>》§<章节标题>】(开示要旨)`
> 中文参考:温宗堃译本系列、嘉义新雨杂志社《内观基础》。
---
## §标记法 (Noting Method)
马哈希内观法的核心方法。以朴素的内心标记持续观察当下身心现象。
**主标记类型**
- 身体动作:"升、降"(呼吸时腹部)、"坐、触、立、步"
- 感官:"看、听、闻、味、触"
- 心理活动:"想、想"、"妄念"、"计划"
- 情绪:"乐、苦"、"贪、嗔、喜"
- 觉受:"痒、痛、麻、冷热"
**核心原则**
- 不评判(不分好坏)
- 不分析(不追究为什么)
- 不抑制(不压制念头)
- 持续(不间断的觉知)
**作用**:通过持续标记切断概念叠加(paññatti)层,直见究竟法(paramattha)层——
- 从"我在生气"
- 到"嗔心生起"
- 再到"嗔心心所与受心所之刹那生灭"
**主旨**:标记不是制造特殊状态,是清楚知道当下发生什么。
> 出处:【《Practical Vipassanā Meditation Exercises》§标记法导引】(开示要旨)
---
## §腹部起伏为主所缘
传统佛教以鼻端呼吸为出入息念主所缘(巴利经典《MN 118》+《Vism》§VIII);马哈希尊者改以**腹部起伏**为主——
**主旨**
- 腹部动作粗显易观(不像鼻端呼吸细微)
- 不易陷入禅悦定境(jhāna)——保持在 vipassanā 层
- 易快速发展毗婆舍那观智
- 适合在家居士短期密集禅修
**具体方法(仅介绍框架,不替代禅师指导)**
1. 半莲花坐或散盘
2. 微闭目
3. 注意力放在腹部
4. 吸气时腹部起,标"升"
5. 呼气时腹部伏,标"降"
6. 妄念起时即标"想想",回到主所缘
⚠️ **本目录仅介绍方法框架**,具体修法导引必须依止具格禅师面对面学习。出现障碍(疼痛、昏沉、特殊觉受)时,禅修者必须求禅师面谈,不可自行处理。
> 出处:【《Manual of Insight》§II 主所缘选择】(开示要旨)
---
## §对治散乱(妄念多怎么办)
学人常苦恼:"师父,我打坐时妄念太多,停不下来。"
马哈希尊者之核心教导——
**主旨**:妄念多不是问题,**'想消灭妄念'才是问题**。
让妄念来——只看,不参与;只观察,不评判。久之心自然安定,不是因为你压制了妄念,是因为你**停止了与妄念的战争**。
具体处理:
1. 妄念起时即刻标记"想想"或"妄念"(最多 2-3 次)
2. 回到主所缘"升、降"
3. 不评判("我又散乱了"是另一个妄念,再标)
4. 不沮丧
5. 不分析"为什么有这个妄念"
**根本原则**:'想要安静的心'本身就是干扰。让心是它当下的样子——只是觉知。
> 出处:【《Practical Vipassanā Meditation Exercises》§对治散乱】(开示要旨)
---
## §正念力 = 当下不间断标记
马哈希尊者强调**正念之要在持续**(continuity)——
**主旨**
- 一切'想要某种状态'/'抗拒某种感受'本身亦应标记之
- 散乱时也要知道散乱——这本身就是正念
- 持续的力 (ātāpī sampajāno satimā,'热忱、正知、正念',《MN 10》经文核心) 是关键
修行人常犯一个错误:把"打坐时心很平静"当做正念,把"心散乱"当做没正念。其实——
- 心平静时,知道心平静——这是正念
- 心散乱时,知道心散乱——这也是正念
- 想消灭散乱、刻意制造平静——这反而**不是**正念,是欲爱(taṇhā)的另一种表现
**主旨**:正念是镜子,不是过滤器。
> 出处:【《Manual of Insight》§正念力】+【SC: MN 10 / Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta】(开示要旨 + SuttaCentral
---
## §刹那定 (khaṇika-samādhi) 与毗婆舍那禅那
**刹那定**与传统'安止定'(即四禅 rūpa-jhāna,要求心稳定数小时不动摇)不同——
刹那定是"心在每一刻所缘上稳定不散"的定,每一刻都有定,但不入禅那的深层吸收。
**毗婆舍那禅那 (vipassanā-jhāna)**:行舍智阶段(saṅkhārupekkhā-ñāṇa)所生**'刹那定'累积**——可作为毗婆舍那观智之依止,无需先证四色界禅。
**主旨**:让没有四禅功夫的在家居士也能有效修内观——这是马哈希内观法风行全球的关键。
⚠️ **学术分歧**:部分上座部学者(特别是帕奥派 Pa-Auk Sayadaw)认为此立场对'禅那'之定义有别于传统。本平台不论高下——契机不同的修持路径。
> 出处:【《The Progress of Insight》§Equanimity about Formations】+【《Manual of Insight》§II 刹那定章】(开示要旨)
---
## §十六观智次第(依《Vism》)
马哈希尊者完全采用觉音《清净道论》§XX–XXII 的十六观智体系。
**关键阶段**
1. **名色分别智** — 见名色(nāma-rūpa)非我
2. **缘摄受智** — 见名色之缘起
3. **思惟智** — 思维三法印
4. **生灭智** — 直观一切现象之刹那生灭(**重要里程碑**)
5. **坏灭智** — 只见灭,不见生(行人易生苦受)
6. **怖畏智** — 一切行如怖畏之地
7. **过患智** — 一切行皆是苦
8. **厌离智** — 厌离一切行
9. **欲解脱智** — 求解脱之愿
10. **审察智** — 重新审察三法印
11. **行舍智** — 对一切行平等舍(**第二个重要里程碑**)
12. **随顺智**
13. **种姓智** — 凡夫到圣者之转变
14. **道智** — 证四果之关键
15. **果智**
16. **省察智**
⚠️ **本平台 AI 不得对个体作观智阶位判定**——印证须由具格禅师面对面访谈鉴定。这是马哈希教学体系最严肃的 guardrail。
> 出处:【《The Progress of Insight (Visuddhiñāṇa-kathā)》】+【《Visuddhimagga》§XXXXII】(开示要旨 + PTS Vism
---
## §'初果可证'(密集禅修号召)
马哈希尊者之根本号召——
**主旨**:具足戒、密集禅修(每日 12-14 小时正念)、具格禅师指导下,在家居士可于数周至数月内证须陀洹(初果 sotāpanna)。
把上座部修行从'数十年实修'拉回到'数月可证'的实践范围——这是马哈希内观法风行全球的根本号召。
**前提条件**(缺一不可):
- 戒律清净(八戒或十戒)
- 密集禅修(30+ 天、每日 12-14 小时)
- 具格禅师指导
- 适当根性
⚠️ **本平台 AI 不得对个体作证果判定**。"初果可证"是结构性号召,不是 AI 给个体颁发的证书。学人若觉受似初果,必须求具格禅师面谈鉴定。
> 出处:【《Manual of Insight》序及多处】(开示要旨)
---
## §经文依据:《MN 10 / Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta》
马哈希内观法以四念处经为根本经典依据。
经文核心:
> "诸比丘,此一行道,能令众生清净、超越愁悲、灭除苦忧、得正理、证涅槃,所谓四念处。何为四?比丘于身观身、于受观受、于心观心、于法观法,热忱(ātāpī)、正知(sampajāno)、正念(satimā),远离世间贪忧。"
**四念处全面观察**
- **身念处**:呼吸、行住坐卧、身体三十二分、四界、墓地九相
- **受念处**:乐受、苦受、不苦不乐受
- **心念处**:心有贪/离贪、有嗔/离嗔等
- **法念处**:五盖、五蕴、六入处、七觉支、四圣谛
**主旨**:以系统的觉知练习直接通向涅槃;马哈希内观法以此为禅修核心。
> 出处:【SC: MN 10 / Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta】+【SC: DN 22 / Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta】(SuttaCentral
---
## ⚠️ 引用警示
- 本目录所收录皆为开示集**主旨摘要**,非逐字英译重排
- 引用时应注明"开示要旨"或"开示主旨",避免逐字伪造
- 凡引"马哈希尊者曾说"必须可追溯至上述 4 部公开授权出版物
- **不可将其他南传禅师的话归于马哈希尊者**(U Nārada / Pa-Auk Sayadaw / Goenka / Sayadaw U Pandita / Bhikkhu Bodhi 等)
- **不可代笔虚构"马哈希尊者问答"**——可叙述其论师风格与禅修教练风格,不可生成假对话
- **不引用整段译文**(即使可追溯也只能主旨摘要)
- 深入研究请查阅上述出版物原本,或访问 [forestsangha.org](https://forestsangha.org)、[suttacentral.net](https://suttacentral.net)、[mahasi.org.mm](https://www.mahasi.org.mm)