Files
Master-skill/prebuilt/master-atisha/references/teaching.md
T
xianren 3f81cbb955 feat(v0.6): namespace all 14 master slash commands under /master-<slug> prefix
Slash command discoverability cleanup. Claude Code users typically have
50+ skills installed; bare-word commands like /atisha and /zhiyi got
scattered across the /-completion list. v0.6 prefixes all 14 master
slash commands with master- so they cluster under /m<tab> and clearly
signal "this is a Master-skill master skill".

Scope of rename
---------------
* Slash commands: /zhiyi → /master-zhiyi, /huineng → /master-huineng,
  ... all 14 affected.
* Directory layout: prebuilt/<slug>/ → prebuilt/master-<slug>/ for all
  14 masters (git mv preserves history).
* Frontmatter: each prebuilt/master-<slug>/SKILL.md updates `name:` to
  master-<slug>.
* compare-masters and create-master meta-skills are intentionally
  unchanged — they're already prefixed by their nature, and
  /master-compare-masters would be doublespeak.

Decoupling: fojin.app/chat is NOT affected
------------------------------------------
The fojin web frontend's master dropdown uses bare slug IDs (atisha,
huineng, ...) and is already grouped under "法师模式" in its UI. Backend
master_profiles.py keeps `id="atisha"` etc. unchanged. No fojin-side
migration required. The two surfaces (Claude Code slash + fojin
dropdown) are now formally decoupled by design, not coincidence.

Compatibility
-------------
* NPX installer accepts both forms: `npx master-skill install zhiyi`
  (short) and `install master-zhiyi` (full) both resolve to the same
  prebuilt/master-zhiyi/ source. Install destination is always
  ~/.claude/skills/master-<slug>/. Backward-compatible uninstall
  handles legacy non-prefixed installs (~/.claude/skills/zhiyi/).
* The cli.mjs already used `master-${name}` for install destinations
  (since v0.3 NPX installer was added), so existing v0.4/v0.5 NPX
  users were already getting the prefix in skills/ — only the source
  prebuilt/ layout and slash commands change in v0.6.

Files updated
-------------
* 14 directories renamed (28 files moved, 0 content changes).
* 14 SKILL.md frontmatter `name:` fields.
* prebuilt/compare/SKILL.md: 43 slug references updated to prefixed form.
* bin/cli.mjs: resolveMasterDir helper accepts both short and full;
  cmdInstall and cmdUninstall handle legacy paths.
* .github/workflows/validate-and-test.yml: fidelity-smoke MASTERS
  rotation array updated to all 14 prefixed names (was 8 hardcoded
  汉传 only — now properly rotates across the full set).
* scripts/{validate,cite,query,test-fidelity}.py: --master arg help
  text examples.
* README.md + README_EN.md: situational guidance table, install
  snippets, master cards. New v0.6 release banner.
* SKILL.md (project-level) preset list with new slash names.
* ETHICS.md Tier table slug references (4).
* All plugin manifests bumped 0.5.0 → 0.6.0 with description noting
  the /master-<slug> invocation pattern.
* CHANGELOG.md: [0.6.0] section with breaking-change notice and
  migration commands for existing NPX users.

Validation
----------
* python scripts/validate.py --strict           ✓ 15 masters pass
* python scripts/validate-fidelity.py           ✓ all valid
* python scripts/test-fidelity.py --all --dry-run  ✓
* pytest tests/                                  ✓ 31 passed, 6 skipped
* node bin/cli.mjs list                          ✓ shows all 14 with
                                                   master- prefix
* node bin/cli.mjs install zhiyi                 ✓ resolves to
                                                   prebuilt/master-zhiyi/
* node bin/cli.mjs install master-zhiyi          ✓ resolves to same

Migration for existing v0.4/v0.5 users
--------------------------------------
    npx master-skill@0.5 uninstall zhiyi huineng xuanzang ...
    # OR: rm -rf ~/.claude/skills/{zhiyi,huineng,...}
    npx master-skill@latest install --all

Then start a new Claude Code session; the new slash commands are
/master-zhiyi, /master-huineng, etc.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-05-02 20:43:36 +08:00

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# 阿底峡尊者 — 教义体系
## 传承与背景
阿底峡尊者(梵:Atiśa Dīpaṃkara Śrījñāna;藏文:ཨ་ཏི་ཤ་,威利转写:a ti sha;藏地敬称"觉沃杰" Jowo Je),982–1054。印度孟加拉萨霍尔国(今孟加拉国 Vikrampura 地区)王子出身,本名月藏(Candragarbha)。
少年遍学印度诸学派——师从 Jetāri 习中观,从 Avadhūtipa 习金刚乘——21 岁出家,受戒名为 Dīpaṃkaraśrījñāna(吉祥燃灯智)。后赴**苏门答腊(金洲)**师事 Dharmakīrti of Suvarṇadvīpa(金洲大师),习十二年慈悲菩提心法门——这成为他后来教学的精神核心。归印度后任那烂陀寺、超戒寺(Vikramaśīla)住持,为当时印度大乘佛教最具威望的论师之一。
**入藏因缘**:藏王智光(Lha Bla ma Ye she 'od)为整顿后弘期藏地佛教戒律松弛、显密混淆的乱象,遣译师携黄金赴印迎请大德。先邀几位大师皆未成行,后由其侄孙菩提光(Byang chub 'od)继志,1042 年终请得阿底峡入藏。
**入藏弘法**:1042–1054 年于阿里、卫藏弘法十三年。著《菩提道灯论》(Bodhipathapradīpa)——以 67 颂浓缩三士道与显密次第,成为藏地后弘期道次第之祖。
**传承**:首座弟子**仲敦巴**'Brom ston pa Rgyal ba'i 'byung gnas, 10041064)继其法,1057 年建**热振寺**(Rwa sgreng)于拉萨北部,开**噶当派**bka' gdams pa"佛语教授派")。
噶当派后被宗喀巴"新噶当派"(即格鲁派)继承——故藏传四派(宁玛、萨迦、噶举、格鲁)皆视阿底峡为根本师之一。
> 出处:【《菩提道灯论》】(Toh 4465);【《父法·子法》噶当口耳传承】
## 核心教导
### 1. 三士道(skyes bu gsum gyi lam)— 道次第骨架
《菩提道灯论》将一切修行人分为三类:
**下士道(小士夫 / chung ngu'i skyes bu**
- 目标:求人天善趣,畏轮回苦
- 修法:皈依三宝、思维暇满、修死无常、信业果、行十善业
- 是任何更高修行的基础
**中士道(中士夫 / 'bring gi skyes bu**
- 目标:求自身解脱
- 修法:知三界皆苦、修四谛十二缘起、戒定慧三学、求阿罗汉果
- 上士道之必经阶段
**上士道(大士夫 / chen po'i skyes bu**
- 目标:求成佛度众生
- 修法:发菩提心(七因果或自他相换)、行六度万行、六波罗蜜
- 大乘行者之根本
> 出处:【《菩提道灯论》§三士道结构(颂 1–5)】(Toh 4465)
### 2. 菩提心 — 大乘命脉
金洲大师所传两种菩提心修法:
**七因果(rgyu 'bras bdun**
1. 知母(一切众生皆为往昔母)
2. 念恩(思维母恩深重)
3. 报恩
4.
5.
6. 增上意乐(决定我自度母苦)
7. 菩提心(为度众生发愿成佛)
**自他相换(bdag gzhan brje ba**
- 思维"自他平等"——众生与我平等地求乐避苦
- 思维"自他相换"——以我之乐换他之苦
- 配合呼吸的施受法(gtong len):吸气取众生苦,呼气施众生乐
> 出处:【《菩提道灯论》§菩提心章】(Toh 4465);【金洲传承《父法·子法》】
阿底峡反复强调:**离菩提心,一切善行皆非大乘**。
### 3. 戒律严持 — 入藏改革
阿底峡入藏时藏地佛教律仪松弛:僧人持金钱、行不净行、显密混淆。阿底峡以亲身典范重立别解脱戒(根本说一切有部 mūlasarvāstivāda 律)持守标准。
教导:**显密一切修学必以戒律清净持守为基础**——
- 别解脱戒(出家众)
- 菩萨戒(大乘行者)
- 密咒戒(金刚乘行者)
破戒而修密,犹如有漏器盛甘露,自损损他。
> 出处:【《戒论摄要》】+【阿底峡入藏前后藏地律仪整顿史】
### 4. 依止善知识(kalyāṇamitra / dge ba'i bshes gnyen
噶当派最重视的修学前提——
> "初依善知识,中由教授引,后由实证证。"
离善知识独修必入歧途。依止之要:
- 验师(观察师之具格条件,如戒清净、闻思具足、慈悲心、菩提心、有传承)
- 依教奉行(不打折扣)
- 视师如佛
- 不弃舍
> 出处:【《父法·子法》(Pha chos / Bu chos)】
### 5. 噶当六论(bka' gdams gzhung drug
噶当派核心修学六部论:
| 论典 | 作者 | 内容 |
|------|------|------|
| 《本生鬘》(Jātakamālā) | 圣勇(Āryaśūra) | 佛陀本生故事,培菩提心 |
| 《集学论》(Śikṣāsamuccaya) | 寂天(Śāntideva| 大乘修学纲要 |
| 《入行论》(Bodhicaryāvatāra) | 寂天 | 菩萨行实修指南 |
| 《菩萨地》(Bodhisattvabhūmi) | 无著(Asaṅga | 瑜伽行派菩萨道 |
| 《中观庄严论》| 寂护 | 中观瑜伽行派合一 |
| 《法集要颂》(Udānavarga) | 法救(Dharmatrāta| 早期偈颂集 |
六论涵盖戒定慧三学与菩提心,构成藏地后弘期最早的系统道次第教材。
### 6. 观察修与安住修平衡
修行中两种修法须并行:
- **观察修**(dpyad sgom):思维教义生定解
- **安住修**'jog sgom):一心专注
只观察则散乱;只安住则枯木。此见后被宗喀巴《菩提道次第广论》系统化。
> 出处:【《菩提道灯论》§奢摩他毗钵舍那章】(Toh 4465)
## 精通典籍
| 文献 | 说明 |
|------|------|
| 《菩提道灯论》(Bodhipathapradīpa) | 阿底峡核心论著,藏地道次第之祖 (Toh 4465) |
| 《菩提道灯难处释》| 自释,详解三士道 (Toh 3948) |
| 噶当六论 | 派内核心修学法本系列 |
| 《父法》《子法》(Pha chos / Bu chos) | 师徒传授口耳教授集录 |
| 寂天《入行论》《集学论》 | 阿底峡反复推广,奠定藏地中观修学基础 |
| 月称《入中论》 | 阿底峡时代藏地已有,但未做应成派精确分判 |
## 修行方法
### 入门 — 共下士道
1. **皈依三宝**:身命归依佛、法、僧
2. **思维暇满**:八暇十满之难得
3. **念死无常**:死期不定、唯法可恃
4. **信业果**:黑白业果不虚
5. **行十善**:不杀盗邪淫,不妄语恶口两舌绮语,不贪嗔痴
### 进阶 — 共中士道
1. **观三界皆苦**:苦苦、坏苦、行苦
2. **修四圣谛、十二缘起**
3. **修戒定慧三学**
### 上士道 — 大乘行
1. **发菩提心**(七因果或自他相换)
2. **受菩萨戒**
3. **行六波罗蜜**:布施、持戒、忍辱、精进、禅定、智慧
4. **修空性**(中观见,但阿底峡时代未做后期格鲁派之精确应成 vs 自续分判)
### 密续修学
⚠️ 阿底峡虽传金刚乘(特别是密集金刚 Guhyasamāja),本项目仅介绍其菩提心与三士道显教教学。密法具体修法、灌顶仪轨、生起圆满次第步骤须依止具格上师亲传。
## 常用譬喻
- **慈母与独子**:自他相换菩提心修法之核心
- **病人与良医**:知苦谛 → 求道谛之譬喻
- **盲龟值轨**:暇满人身难得(《道灯论》明引)
- **太阳与雪山**:菩提心之力,能融一切罪障
## 关键术语表
| 术语(梵 / 藏 / 中)| 含义 |
|------|------|
| skyes bu gsum / 三士道 | 下中上三士夫修行次第 |
| byang chub kyi sems / bodhicitta / 菩提心 | 为度众生发愿成佛之心 |
| rgyu 'bras bdun / 七因果 | 知母-念恩-报恩-慈-悲-增上意乐-菩提心 |
| bdag gzhan brje ba / 自他相换 | 以我之乐换他之苦 |
| gtong len / 施受法 | 配呼吸的自他相换实修 |
| kalyāṇamitra / dge bshes / 善知识 | 具格的精神指导师 |
| Vinaya / 'dul ba / 律 | 别解脱戒、菩萨戒、密咒戒 |
| dal 'byor / 暇满 | 八暇十满之人身 |
| phyi dar / 后弘期 | 朗达玛灭法后藏传佛教第二次复兴期(约 10 世纪起)|
| bka' gdams pa / 噶当 | "佛语教授派",阿底峡—仲敦巴所传 |